\uc8fc\ub958\uc801 \ud574\uc11d\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\uc810<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u5b78\u800c\u6642\u7fd2\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ea6\u8aaa\u4e4e\uff1f(\u5b78\u800c, 1.1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5b78\uc774\ub77c \ud568\uc740 \ubcf8\ubc1b\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc778\uac04\uc758 \ubcf8\uc131\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc120\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uae68\ub2eb\ub294 \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0\ub294 \uc120\ud6c4\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub098\uc911\uc5d0 \uae68\ub2eb\ub294 \uc790\ub294 \uba3c\uc800 \uae68\ub2ec\uc740 \uc790\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ubcf8\ubc1b\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc57c \ub354\uc6b1 \uc120\ud574\uc9c0\uace0 \uadf8 \uc2dc\ucd08\uc758 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc744 \ud68c\ubcf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \u7fd2\uc740 \uc0c8\uac00 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ucc28\ub840 \ub0a0\uac1c\uc9d3\uc744 \ud558\ub4ef \uc790\uc8fc \ud568\uc744 \ub73b\ud55c\ub2e4. \ubc30\uc6c0\uc744 \uc911\ub2e8\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc548\ub418\uba70 \uc0c8\uac00 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ucc28\ub840 \ub0a0\uac1c\uc9d3\uc744 \ud558\ub4ef \uacc4\uc18d \ubc18\ubcf5\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \u8aaa\uc740 \uae30\uc058\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ubbf8 \ubc30\uc6b4 \uac83\uc744 \ub610\ub2e4\uc2dc \ub54c\ub54c\ub85c \uac70\ub4ed \uc775\ud788\uba74(\u53c8\u6642\u6642\u7fd2), \ubc30\uc6b4 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \ubb34\ub974\uc775\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uae30\uc068\uc740 \ubc14\ub85c \uac70\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uc628\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ub9db\ubcf8 \uc790\ub294 \uc911\ub2e8\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \u7a0b\uc120\uc0dd(\u7a0b\u9890; 1033\uff5e1107 \ubd81\uc1a1\uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \ud559\uc790)\uc740 \u2018\u7fd2\uc740 \ubc18\ubcf5 \ud559\uc2b5(\u91cd\u7fd2)\uc744 \ub73b\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uac04 \ub0a0 \ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud574\uc11c \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\ubcf4\uace0 \ud480\uc5b4\ubcf4\uba74 \uadf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ud760\ubed1 \uc816\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \ubc14\ub85c \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uae30\uc068\uc774\ub2e4\u2019\ub77c\uace0 \ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ub610 \u2018\ubc30\uc6b4\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc7a5\ucc28 \uadf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud568\uc778\ub370, \ubc30\uc6b4 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc790\uc8fc \ubc18\ubcf5 \ud559\uc2b5\ud558\uba74 \ubc30\uc6b4 \uac83\uc774 \ub0b4 \uac83\uc774 \ub418\ubbc0\ub85c \uae30\uc05c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4\u2019\ud558\uace0 \ud588\ub2e4. \u8c22\uc528(\u8c22\u826f\u4f50 1050\uff5e1103)\ub294 \u2018\u6642\u7fd2\uc740 \uc775\ud788\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ub54c\uac00 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 \uc775\ud78c\ub2e4(\u7121\u6642\u800c\u4e0d\u7fd2)\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\ub2e4. \uc549\uc544 \uc788\uc744 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \u5c38\u7ae5\ucc98\ub7fc \uace7\uac8c \uc790\uc138\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc775\ud788\uace0, \uc11c\uc788\uc744 \ub54c\ub294 \uc5c4\uc219\ud558\uace0 \uac00\uc9c0\ub7f0\ud55c \uc790\uc138\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc775\ud788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4\u2019\ub77c\uace0 \ud588\ub2e4 \u5b78 v \u5b78\u6587<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\ub108\ud76c\ub4e4 \ub9d0\uc774\uc57c, \uc9d1\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud6a8\ub3c4\ud558\uace0 \ubc16\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc6b0\uc560\ub85c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \ub300\ud574\uc57c \ud574. \ub9e4\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ucd5c\uc120\uc744 \ub2e4\ud558\uace0 \uc2e0\uc758\ub97c \uc9c0\ucf1c\uc57c\uc9c0. \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc774\ub97c \ub450\ub8e8 \uc0ac\ub791\ud558\ub418, \uce5c\ubc00\ud55c \uad00\uacc4\uc77c\uc218\ub85d \uc724\ub9ac\uc801 \uacb0\uae30\uc5d0 \uc720\ub150\ud574\uc57c \ud574. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud558\uace0\ub3c4 \ud798\uc774 \ub0a8\uc73c\uba74 \uadf8\ub54c\ub294 \ubb38\ud5cc\uacfc \ubb38\ubb3c\ub3c4 \ubc30\uc6b0\ub3c4\ub85d \ud574.\u201d \uc2dc\uacbd\uc5d0 \uc218\ub85d\ub41c \uc2dc 300\ud3b8\uc744 \ub2ec\ub2ec \uc678\uc6b0\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub9c9\uc0c1 \ub098\ub77c \uc77c\uc744 \ub9e1\uaca8\ubcf4\uba74 \ud574\ub0b4\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uace0, \uc678\uad50 \uc0ac\uc2e0\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub0b4\uba74 \ud63c\uc790\uc11c\ub294 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc744 \ub300\ud558\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \uc790\ub4e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc544\ubb34\ub9ac \ub9ce\uc544 \ubcf8\ub4e4 \uc5b4\ub514\uc5d0 \uc368\uba39\uaca0\ub098? \uc790\ud558\uac00 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\ud559\uc2dd\uacfc \uc7ac\uc8fc\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4\uc11c\uace0 \uc720\ud639\uc744 \ubb3c\ub9ac\uce58\uba70, \uc628 \ud798\uc744 \ub2e4\ud574 \ubd80\ubaa8\ub97c \ubaa8\uc2dc\uace0 \uc628 \ubab8\uc744 \ubc14\uccd0 \uc784\uae08\uc744 \uc12c\uae30\uba70, \uce5c\uad6c\uc640\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8 \uc5b8\uc0ac\uac00 \ubbff\uc74c\uc9c1 \uc2a4\ub7fd\ub2e4\uba74, \ube44\ub85d \ub0a8\ub4e4\uc740 \uadf8 \uc790\ub97c \ubabb \ubc30\uc6b4 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud574\ub3c4 \ub098\ub294 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uadf8 \uc790\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b4 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud558\uaca0\ub2e4.\u201d \u8ce2: \ub354 \ub0ab\ub2e4 (\u7336\u5584\u4e5f \u53c8\u52dd\u4e5f). '\ub354 \ub0ab\ub2e4'\ub294 \ub73b\uc73c\ub85c \u8ce2\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub41c \uc0ac\ub840(11.15, 17.22, 19.23, 19.25). <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8ce2: \u591a\u624d\u4e5f, \u5584\u4e5f\uff0c\u80fd\u4e5f\uff0c\u5927\u4e5f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8ce2\u8ce2\uacfc \u5c0a\u8ce2: \u5c0a\u8ce2\uc740 \uad70\uc790(19.3), \uc120\ube44, \uc655\uacf5\uc758 \ubbf8\ub355(\ub9f9\uc790) <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6613: \u829f\u6cbb\u8349\u6728; \uc0bc\uce58\ucd08\ubaa9<\/p>\n\n\n\n \ud6cc\ub96d\ud55c \uac89\ubaa8\uc2b5(\u8272)\uc740 \uacbd\uacc4\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc77c \ubfd0(1.3, 5.24, 11.20, 12.20, 17.12, 17.17).<\/p>\n\n\n\n cf. \u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u5df2\u77e3\u4e4e\uff01\u543e\u672a\u898b\u597d\u5fb7\u5982\u597d\u8272\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\u300d(\u885b\u9748\u516c 15.13) (\u5b50\u7f55 9.18)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc790\ub85c\uac00 \u5b50\u7f94(\uc790\uace0)\ub97c \ucc9c\uac70\ud558\uc5ec \ube44(\u8cbb) \uace0\uc744\uc758 \ud589\uc815\uc744 \ub9e1\ub3c4\ub85d \ud588\ub2e4. \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \"\uc560\ub97c \ubc84\ub9ac\ub294\uad6c\ub098\"\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud558\uc790 \uc790\ub85c\uac00 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub300\uafb8\ud588\ub2e4. \"\ubc31\uc131\ub3c4 \ub3cc\ubd10\uc57c \ud558\uace0, \uc81c\uc0ac\ub3c4 \ubaa8\uc154\uc57c \ud560 \uac83 \uc544\ub2c8\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\uae4c? \uaf2d \ucc45\uc744 \uc77d\uc5b4\uc57c\ub9cc \ubc30\uc6b0\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\uae4c?\" \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \"\uc774\ub798\uc11c \ub0b4\uac00 \ub9d0\uc7ac\uc8fc \uc88b\uc740 \uac83\uc744 \ubbf8\uc6cc\ud574.\" \ucc38\uace0: Chai is simple. Shen is dull and pompous. Shi is specious. You (Zi Lu) is rough and tough. \u5b50\u4ee5\u56db\u6559\uff1a\u6587\uff0c\u884c\uff0c\u5fe0\uff0c\u4fe1\u3002 (7.25)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5b50\u6240\u96c5\u8a00\uff0c\u8a69\u3001\u66f8\u3001\u57f7\u79ae\uff0c\u7686\u96c5\u8a00\u4e5f\u3002(7.18)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc21c\uc790, \u52f8\u5b78: \u5b78\u60e1\u4e4e\u59cb\uff1f\u60e1\u4e4e\u7d42\uff1f\u66f0\uff1a\u5176\u6578\u5247\u59cb\u4e4e\u8aa6\u7d93\uff0c\u7d42\u4e4e\u8b80\u79ae ... \u6545\u66f8\u8005\u3001\u653f\u4e8b\u4e4b\u7d00\u4e5f\uff1b\u8a69\u8005\u3001\u4e2d\u8072\u4e4b\u6240\u6b62\u4e5f\uff1b\u79ae\u8005\u3001\u6cd5\u4e4b\u5927\u5206\uff0c\u985e\u4e4b\u7db1\u7d00\u4e5f\u3002\u6545\u5b78\u81f3\u4e4e\u79ae\u800c\u6b62\u77e3\u3002\u592b\u662f\u4e4b\u8b02\u9053\u5fb7\u4e4b\u6975\u3002\u79ae\u4e4b\u656c\u6587\u4e5f\uff0c\u6a02\u4e4b\u4e2d\u548c\u4e5f\uff0c\u8a69\u66f8\u4e4b\u535a\u4e5f\uff0c\u6625\u79cb\u4e4b\u5fae\u4e5f\uff0c\u5728\u5929\u5730\u4e4b\u9593\u8005\u7562\u77e3\u3002(\uc2dc, \uc11c, \uc608, \uc545, \ucd98\ucd94)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5b54\u5b50\u4ee5\u8a69\u66f8\u79ae\u6a02\u6559\uff0c\u5f1f\u5b50\u84cb\u4e09\u5343\u7109\uff0c\u8eab\u901a\u516d\u85dd\u8005\u4e03\u5341\u6709\u4e8c\u4eba(\uc0ac\ub9c8\ucc9c, \uc0ac\uae30, \u5b54\u5b50\u4e16\u5bb6 <\/span><\/span>62) <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u516d\u85dd = \u8a69, \u66f8, \u79ae, \u6a02, \u6613, \u6625\u79cb (\u6625\u79cb\u7e41\u9732, \u7389\u676f 5) \uc0ac\ub9c8\ucc9c \uc0ac\uae30 (\u6ed1\u7a3d\u5217\u50b3) \u516d\u85dd\u65bc\u6cbb\u4e00\u4e5f\u3002\u79ae\u4ee5\u7bc0\u4eba\uff0c\u6a02\u4ee5\u767c\u548c\uff0c\u66f8\u4ee5\u9053\u4e8b\uff0c\u8a69\u4ee5\u9054\u610f\uff0c\u6613\u4ee5\u795e\u5316\uff0c\u6625\u79cb\u4ee5\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5f90\u5e79 \u4e2d\u8ad6<\/span>, \u300a\u6cbb\u5b78\u300b <\/span>1 (\u6559\u4ee5\u516d\u5fb7\uff0c\u66f0\u667a\u3001\u4ec1\u3001\u8056\u3001\u7fa9\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u548c\uff0c\u6559\u4ee5\u516d\u884c\uff0c\u66f0\u5b5d\u3001\u53cb\u3001\u7766\u3001\u5a63\u3001\u4efb\u3001\u6064\uff1b\u6559\u4ee5\u516d\u85dd\uff0c\u66f0\u79ae\u3001\u6a02\u3001\u5c04\u3001\u5fa1\u3001\u66f8\u3001\u6578<\/span>) (\uc11c\uac04\uc740 \ud6c4\ud55c\uc758 \ud559\uc790: 171-218)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \ub2ec\ud56d\ub9c8\uc744 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4<\/span>. \u201c\uacf5\uc790 \uadf8 \uc0ac\ub78c \ub300\ub2e8\ud558\uc9c0<\/span>. \ubc30\uc6b4 \uac83\uc740 \ub9ce\uc544\ub3c4 \uba85\uc131\uc744 \ub4dc\ub0a0\ub9b0 \ubd84\uc57c\ub294 \ud558\ub098\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc5b4<\/span>.\u201d \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774 \ub9d0\uc744 \ub4e3\uace0 \uc81c\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4<\/span>. \u201c\ub09c \ubb58\ud558\uba74 \uc88b\uc744\uae4c<\/span>? \uc218\ub808\ubab0\uae30\ub97c \ud560\uae4c<\/span>? \ud65c\uc3d8\uae30\ub97c \ud560\uae4c<\/span>? \uc218\ub808\ubab0\uae30\ub098 \ud574\uc57c\uaca0\ub2e4<\/span>.\u201d (\u5b50\u7f55 <\/span>9.2)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5b78: \u898b + \u805e <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n '\uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c' \ubc30\uc6b0\ub294\uac00?<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\uc798 \uc54c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub974\uba74\uc11c \uc774\ub7ec\ucff5 \uc800\ub7ec\ucff5 \ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc788\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub098\ub294 \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544. \ub9ce\uc774 \ub4e3\uace0 \uadf8 \uc911 \uc88b\uc740 \uac83\uc744 \uac00\ub824\uc11c \ub530\ub974\uace0, \ud48d\ubd80\ud55c \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c \uae68\ub2eb\uac8c \ub418. \uc774\uac8c \ubc14\ub85c \uc54e\uc758 \ubc29\ubc95\uc774\uc57c.\u201d \uc790\uc7a5(\u5b50\u5f35)\uc774 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc744 \uad6c\ud560 \uc0dd\uac01\uc73c\ub85c \ubc30\uc6b0\ub824 \ud588\ub2e4. \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\uc5ec\ub7ec\uac00\uc9c0\ub97c \ub9ce\uc774 \ub4e3\uace0(\u591a\u805e), \uc758\uc2ec\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uac83\uc744 \uac00\ub824\ub0b8 \ud6c4 \ub0a8\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc2e0\uc911\ud558\uac8c \ub9d0\ud558\uba74 \uc2e4\uc218\uac00 \uc801\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5ec\ub7ec\uac00\uc9c0\ub97c \ub9ce\uc774 \ubcf4\uace0(\u591a\u898b), \uc704\ud0dc\ub85c\uc6b4 \uac83\uc744 \uac00\ub824\ub0b8 \ud6c4 \ub0a8\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc2e0\uc911\ud558\uac8c \ud589\ud558\uba74 \ud6c4\ud68c\uac00 \uc801\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5b8\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc2e4\uc218\uac00 \uc801\uace0 \ud6c4\ud68c\ud560 \ud589\ub3d9\uc774 \ubcc4\ub85c \uc5c6\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \uc9c1\uc7a5\ub3c4 \uc0dd\uae30\uac8c \ub9c8\ub828\uc774\uc57c.\u201d \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub9cc \ud558\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uadf8\ub987\ub41c \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \ucde8\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace0, \uc0dd\uac01\ub9cc \ud558\uace0 \ubc30\uc6b0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uc704\ud0dc\ub86d\uac8c \ub418\uc9c0.\" \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\ub0b4\uac00 \uacfc\uac70\uc5d0 \uc885\uc77c \ubc25\ub3c4 \uc548\uba39\uace0 \ubc24\uc0c8\ub3c4\ub85d \uc7a0\ub3c4 \uc548\uc790\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\uc5d0 \uace8\ubab0\ud55c \uc801\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5bb\ub294\uac8c \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc5b4. \ubc30\uc6b0\ub294 \uac83\ub9cc \ubabb\ud574.\" \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\uc790\ub85c(\u5b50\u8def; \uc81c\uc790 \uc911 \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c)\uc57c, \uc548\ub2e4\ub294\uac8c \ubb54\uc9c0 \uac00\ub974\uccd0 \uc8fc\ub7b4? \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \uc544\ub294\uac8c \ubb54\uc9c0\ub97c \uc54c\uace0, \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \ubaa8\ub974\ub294\uac8c \ubb54\uc9c0\ub97c \uc544\ub294 \uac83. \uc774\uac8c \uc544\ub294 \uac70\uc57c.\u201d cf.) \"When I left him, I reasoned thus with myself: I am wiser than this man, for neither of us appears to know anything great and good; but he fancies he knows something, although he knows nothing; whereas I, as I do not know anything, so I do not fancy I do. In this trifling particular, then, I appear to be wiser than he, because I do not fancy I know what I do not know.\" - Apology, 6<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u597d\u5b78: \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub97c \uc990\uae30\ub2e4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n '\ubb34\uc5c7\uc744' \ubc30\uc6b8 \uac83\uc778\uac00?<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \u201c\uc74c\uc2dd\uc744 \uba39\uc744 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubc30\ubd80\ub984\uc744 \ucd94\uad6c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uae30\uac70\ub97c \uc815\ud568\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc548\ub77d\ud568\uc744 \ucd94\uad6c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70, \uc77c\ucc98\ub9ac\ub294 \uae30\ubbfc\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uace0, \uc5b8\ud589\uc740 \uc2e0\uc911\ud558\uba70, \uc62c\ubc14\ub978 \uae38\uc744 \ud0dd\ud574\uc11c \ub098\uc544\uac04\ub2e4\uba74 \uac00\ud788 \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub97c \uc990\uae34\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560\ub9cc\ud558\uc9c0.\" \uc560\uacf5(\u54c0\u516c)\uc774 \uacf5\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \u201c\uc81c\uc790 \uc911 \ub204\uac00 \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub294\uac00?\u201d\ub77c\uace0 \ubb3c\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uacf5\uc790\uac00 \ub300\ub2f5\ud558\uae30\ub97c, \u201c\uc548\ud68c\ub77c\ub294 \uc790\uac00 \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\ub178\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc744 \uc27d\uc0ac\ub9ac \ubc14\uafb8\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uc2e4\uc218\ub97c \ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd88\ud589\ud558\uac8c\ub3c4 \uc77c\ucc0d \uc8fd\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub294 \uc790\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc18c\ub9ac\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\u201d \uc790\ud558\uac00 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \"\uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \ubaa8\ub974\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 \uc790\uac01\ud558\uace0, \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubb54\uc9c0\ub97c \ud56d\uc0c1 \uc78a\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uba74 \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub97c \uc990\uae34\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\" \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \"\uc2ed\uc5ec \uac00\uad6c\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \ub9c8\uc744\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ucda9\uc9c1\ud568\uacfc \ubbff\uc74c\uc9c1\ud568\uc774 \ub098\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc790\ub294 \ubc1b\ub4dc\uc2dc \uc788\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub97c \ub098\ub9cc\ud07c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub294 \uc774\ub294 \uc5c6\uc744 \uac70\uc57c.\" \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \ubb34\uc131(\u6b66\u57ce)\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc81c\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uc168\uc744 \ub54c \uc545\uae30\uc640 \ub178\ub798 \uc18c\ub9ac\uac00 \ub4e4\ub824\uc624\uae30\uc5d0 \ud761\uc871\ud55c \uae30\ubd84\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc6c3\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \"\ub2ed \uc7a1\ub294\ub370 \uc5b4\uc9f8\uc11c \uc18c\uc7a1\ub294 \uce7c\uc744 \uc4f0\ub0d0?\" \uc790\uc720(\u5b50\u6e38)\uac00 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub300\uafb8\ud588\ub2e4. \"\uc77c\ucc0c\uae30 \uc800\ub294 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uaed8\uc11c '\uad70\uc790\uac00 \uc62c\ubc14\ub978 \ub3c4\ub9ac\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b0\uba74 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \uc0ac\ub791\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace0, \uc18c\uc778\uc774 \uc62c\ubc14\ub978 \ub3c4\ub9ac\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b0\uba74 \ubd80\ub9ac\uae30 \uc26c\uc6cc\uc9c4\ub2e4'\uace0 \ud558\uc2dc\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\" \uadf8\ub7ec\uc790 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \"\uc598\ub4e4\uc544, \uc790\uc720(\u5b50\u6e38) \ub9d0\uc774 \ub9de\ub2e4. \uc870\uae08 \uc804\uc5d0 \ub0b4\uac00 \ud55c \ub9d0\uc740 \uadf8\uc800 \uc6c3\uc790\uace0 \ud55c \uac83 \ubfd0\uc774\uc57c.\" \ub2e8\uacc4\uc801 \ud5a5\uc0c1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc790\uacf5\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \u201c\uac00\ub09c\ud574\ub3c4 \uc544\ucca8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \ubd80\uc720\ud574\ub3c4 \uad50\ub9cc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83. \uc774\uac70 \uc5b4\ub54c\uc694?\u201d \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \u201c\uadf8\ub7f4 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uac00\ub09c\ud574\ub3c4 \ud589\ubcf5\ud558\uace0, \ubd80\uc720\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc608\ubc95\uc744 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub294 \uac83\ub9cc\uc740 \ubabb\ud574.\u201d \uc790\uacf5\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \u201c\u300a\u8a69\u300b\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uba74, \u2018\uc798\ub77c\ub0b4\uace0, \uae4d\uc544\ub0b4\uace0, \uac08\uc544\ub0b4\uace0, \uad11\uc744 \ub0b4\uace0\u2019\ub77c\ub294 \ub178\ub798\uac00 \uc788\ub294\ub370, \uadf8\uac8c \uc774\uac78 \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 \uad70\uc694.\u201d \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \u201c\u8cdc\uc57c, \uc774\uc81c \ub108\ub791 \u8a69\ub97c \ub9d0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uaca0\uad6c\ub098. \uc61b \uc77c\uc744 \uc77c\ub7ec\uc8fc\ub2c8 \uc55e \uc77c\uc744 \uc544\ub294\uad6c\ub098!\u201d Confucius said, \u2018Some people just understand. They are the top class. Those who learn and then understand are in the next class. Some people are dim and yet they learn. They are in the next class. Those who are dim and yet do not learn; they are in the lowest class.\u2019 \u6642 = \u7684\u6642<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \ubc31\uc131\uc744 \ub3d9\uc6d0\ud574\uc11c \uc77c\uc744 \uc2dc\ud0a4\ub824\uba74 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc2dc\uc810\uc744 \ud0dd\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \u4f7f\u6c11\u4ee5\u6642 (1.5) (\uc2dc\ub3c4\ub54c\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc774 \ud568\ubd80\ub85c \ub3d9\uc6d0\ud558\uba74 \uc548\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b) \u7fd2 = \u89aa\u7fd2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc99d\uc790\uac00 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \"\ub098\ub294 \ub9e4\uc77c \uc138 \uac00\uc9c0 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ub0b4 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c\ub97c \ub3cc\uc544\ubcf8\ub2e4. \ud0c0\uc778\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \uc77c\uc744 \ub3c4\ubaa8\ud568\uc5d0 \ucda9\uc2ec\uc744 \ub2e4\ud588\ub294\uc9c0, \uce5c\uad6c\ub4e4\uacfc \uad50\ub958\ud568\uc5d0 \uc2e0\uc758\ub97c \uc9c0\ucf30\ub294\uc9c0, \ub0b4\uac00 \uac00\ub974\uce5c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ub0b4\uac00 \uc2e4\ucc9c(\u7fd2)\ud558\ub294\uc9c0?\" \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\uc778\uac04\uc758 \ubcf8\uc131\uc774\uc57c \uc11c\ub85c \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ud589\ub3d9\uc5d0 \uc62e\uae30\ub294\ub370 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\ub294 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub974\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.\" \ucc38\uace0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uad70\uc790\ub294 \ubab8\uc18c \ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\uc5d0 \uc2e0\uc911\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4<\/span>(\u541b\u5b50\u614e\u6240\u7fd2<\/span>) (\uacf5\uc548\uad6d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc120\ud55c \uc77c\uc744 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ubab8\uc18c \ud589\ud558\uba74<\/span>(\u7fd2\u65bc\u5584<\/span>) \uad70\uc790\uac00 \ub418\uace0<\/span>, \uc545\ud55c \uc77c\uc744 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ubab8\uc18c \ud589\ud558\uba74<\/span>(\u7fd2\u65bc\u60e1<\/span>) \uc18c\uc778\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4 \uc11c\ub85c \uba40\uc5b4\uc9c0\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4 <\/span>\u82e5\u7fd2\u65bc\u5584\u5247\u70ba\u541b\u5b50 \u82e5\u7fd2\u65bc\u60e1\u5247\u70ba\u5c0f\u4eba, \u662f\u76f8\u9060\u4e5f <\/span>(\u8ad6\u8a9e\u6ce8\u758f)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc774\uc724(\u4f0a\u5c39)\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \"\uc774 \uc633\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \ud1b5\ud558\uc5ec \uc131\ud488\uc73c\ub85c \uc644\uc131\ub41c\ub2e4. \u4f0a\u5c39\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u8332\u4e43\u4e0d\u7fa9\uff0c\u7fd2\u8207\u6027\u6210\u3002... \u300d \u5c19\u66f8, \u592a\u7532\u4e0a 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5b5f\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u884c\u4e4b\u800c\u4e0d\u8457\u7109\uff0c\u7fd2\u77e3\u800c\u4e0d\u5bdf\u7109\uff0c\u7d42\u8eab\u7531\u4e4b\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u9053\u8005\uff0c\u773e\u4e5f\u3002\u300d(\uc9c4\uc2ec \uc0c1, 5)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7fd2\u65bc\u79ae, \u7fd2\u5c04, \u7fd2\u821e, \u7fd2\u5439(\ub098\ud314\ubd88\uae30), \u7fd2\u4e94\u620e(\ub2e4\uc12f\uac00\uc9c0 \ubcd1\uae30\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8e8\ub294 \uac83),<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u554f\u9053\u85dd\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u5b50\u7fd2\u65bc\u67d0\u4e4e\uff1f\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5b50\u5584\u65bc\u67d0\u4e4e\uff1f\u300d(\uc608\uae30, \uc18c\uc758)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6240\u6e38\u5fc5\u6709\u5e38\uff0c\u6240\u7fd2\u5fc5\u6709\u696d(\uc608\uae30, \uace1\ub840 \uc0c1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Why learn? Learn a lesson. \uc720\uc790(\u6709\u5b50)\uac00 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \u201c\uc57d\uc18d\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uc758\ub85c\uc6c0\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b0\uba74, \uc57d\uc18d\ud55c \ub9d0 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uc2e4\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uacf5\uc190\ud568\uc774 \uc608\ubc95\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b0\uba74 \uce58\uc695\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6c0\uc744 \uba40\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \ud558\uace0\ub3c4 \uce5c\ud55c \uc0ac\uc774\uac00 \uba40\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac8c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc790\ub294 \ub610\ud55c \uc6b0\ub450\uba38\ub9ac\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\u201d \u6709\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u4fe1\u8fd1\u65bc\u7fa9\uff0c\u8a00\u53ef\u5fa9\u4e5f\uff1b\u606d\u8fd1\u65bc\u79ae\uff0c\u9060\u6065\u8fb1\u4e5f\uff1b\u56e0\u4e0d\u5931\u5176\u89aa\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u5b97\u4e5f\u3002\u300d<\/span>(\ud559\uc774 <\/span>1.13)<\/p>\n\n\n\n cf. \u5927\u4eba\u8005\uff0c\u8a00\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4fe1\uff0c\u884c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u679c\uff0c\u60df\u7fa9\u6240\u5728. \u5b5f\u5b50<\/span>, \u96e2\u5a41\u4e0b <\/span>39<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \u201c\uace0\uadc0\ud55c \uad70\uc790\ub294 \ucc9c\ud558\ub97c \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \ud589\ub3d9\ud558\uc9c0. \uaf2d \uc774\ub798\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uace0, \uc774\ub7ec\uba74 \uc808\ub300\ub85c \uc548\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc5b4. \uc633\uc74c\uc774 \uadf8\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \ud560\uac70\uc57c.\u201d \u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u65bc\u5929\u4e0b\u4e5f\uff0c\u7121\u9069\u4e5f\uff0c\u7121\u83ab\u4e5f\uff0c\u7fa9\u4e4b\u8207\u6bd4\u3002\u300d (\u91cc\u4ec1, 4.10)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\uacf5\uc190\ud558\uae30\ub9cc \ud558\uace0 \uc608\ubc95\uc744 \ub530\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uace0\ub418\uae30\ub9cc \ud558\uace0, \uc2e0\uc911\ud558\uae30\ub9cc \ud558\uace0 \uc608\ubc95\uc744 \ub530\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uac81\uc7c1\uc774\uac00 \ub418\uace0, \uc6a9\uac10\ud558\uae30\ub9cc \ud558\uace0 \uc608\ubc95\uc744 \ub530\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ubc18\ub780\uc774\ub098 \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\uac8c \ub418\uace0, \uc815\uc9c1\ud558\uae30\ub9cc \ud558\uace0 \uc608\ubc95\uc744 \ub530\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uc634\uc9dd\ub2ec\uc2f9\uc744 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc9c0.\u201d \u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u606d\u800c\u7121\u79ae\u5247\u52de\uff0c\u614e\u800c\u7121\u79ae\u5247\u8478\uff0c\u52c7\u800c\u7121\u79ae\u5247\u4e82\uff0c\u76f4\u800c\u7121\u79ae\u5247\u7d5e\u3002<\/span>(\ud0dc\ubc31 <\/span>8.2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4ec1\uc744 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub418 \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uc6b0\ub9e4\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace0, \uc9c0\ud61c\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub418 \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ubc29\ud0d5\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace0, \uc2e0\uc758\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub418 \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ub3c4\uc801\uc9c8\uc744 \ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace0, \uc815\uc9c1\uc744 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub418 \ubc30\uc6c0\uc744 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uaf3c\uc9dd\ub2ec\uc2f9 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace0, \uc6a9\uae30\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub418 \ubc30\uc6c0\uc744 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ubc18\ub780\uc744 \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\uac8c \ub418\uace0, \uac15\uc778\ud568 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uace0 \ubc30\uc6c0\uc744 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ubbf8\uce5c \uc9d3\uc744 \ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc9c0. \u597d\u4ec1\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u611a\uff1b\u597d\u77e5\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u8569\uff1b\u597d\u4fe1\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u8cca\uff1b\u597d\u76f4\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u7d5e\uff1b\u597d\u52c7\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u4e82\uff1b\u597d\u525b\u4e0d\u597d\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u853d\u4e5f\u72c2 <\/span>(\u967d\u8ca8<\/span>, 17.8)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc2e4\ucc9c\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ubc30\uc6c0, \ubc30\uc6c0\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc2e4\ucc9c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \uc790\ud558(\u5b50\u590f)\uac00 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4: \u201c\ub9e1\uc740 \uc77c\uc744 \uc798 \ud558\ub824\uba74 \ubc30\uc6cc\uc57c \ud558\uace0, \uc798 \ubc30\uc6b0\ub824\uba74 \uc77c\uc744 \ub9e1\uc544 \ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\u201d \uc790\ud558\uac00 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \"\ub110\ub9ac \ubc30\uc6b0\uace0 \uc758\uc9c0\ub97c \ub3c8\ub3c5\ud788 \ud558\uace0, \uc808\uc2e4\ud558\uac8c \ud68c\uc758\ud558\uace0 \uce58\uc5f4\ud558\uac8c \uc0ac\uace0\ud558\ub294 \uac83, \uc724\ub9ac\uc801 \uacb0\uae30\ub294 \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \uc0dd\uaca8\ub09c\ub2e4. \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \"\ubc30\uc6b0\uace0, \uadf8\uac78 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \ub54c\uc5d0 \uc2e4\ucc9c\ud558\uba74 \uae30\uc058\uc9c0 \uc54a\uaca0\ub098.\" (1.1)<\/p>\n \uae40\uae30\ucc3d, \uc0c8\ub86d\uac8c \ub9cc\ub098\ub294 \uacf5\uc790 - \uacb0\uae30(\u4ec1), \uc724\ub9ac(\u79ae), \ubc30\uc6c0(\u5b78)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub2e4\ub978 \ud574\uc11d (\uc774\uc74c, 2021), \uc81c2\uc7a5 \ubc30\uc6c0\uacfc \uc2e4\ucc9c(59-106\uba74) \"\ubc30\uc6b0\uace0 \ub54c\ub85c \uc775\ud788\uba74 \uacfc\uc5f0 \uc990\uac70\uc6b8\uae4c?\" \uc8fc\ub958\uc801 \ud574\uc11d\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\uc810 \u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u5b78\u800c\u6642\u7fd2\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ea6\u8aaa\u4e4e\uff1f(\u5b78\u800c, 1.1) \u5b78\uc774\ub77c \ud568\uc740 \ubcf8\ubc1b\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc778\uac04\uc758 \ubcf8\uc131\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc120\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uae68\ub2eb\ub294 \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0\ub294 \uc120\ud6c4\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub098\uc911\uc5d0 \uae68\ub2eb\ub294 \uc790\ub294 \uba3c\uc800 \uae68\ub2ec\uc740 \uc790\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ubcf8\ubc1b\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc57c \ub354\uc6b1 \uc120\ud574\uc9c0\uace0 \uadf8 \uc2dc\ucd08\uc758 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc744 \ud68c\ubcf5\ud560 ...continue reading \"\u5b78\u800c\u6642\u7fd2\u4e4b ?\"<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2200","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-11","h-entry","hentry","h-as-article"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2200"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4284,"href":"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200\/revisions\/4284"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2200"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2200"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\uc8fc\ud76c(1130-1200; \ub0a8\uc1a1 1127-1279) \u56db\u66f8\u7ae0\u53e5\u96c6\u6ce8: \u4eba\u6027\u7686\u5584\uff0c\u800c\u89ba\u6709\u5148\u5f8c\uff0c\u5f8c\u89ba\u8005\u5fc5\u6548\u5148\u89ba\u4e4b\u6240\u70ba \u2026 \u65e2\u5b78\u800c\u53c8\u6642\u6642\u7fd2\u4e4b\uff0c\u5247\u6240\u5b78\u8005\u719f\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u559c\u8aaa. \u2026 \u7a0b\u5b50(1033-1107; \ubd81\uc1a1\uc2dc\ub300)\u66f0 \u300c\u7fd2\uff0c\u91cd\u7fd2\u4e5f\u3002\u6642\u5fa9\u601d\u7e79\uff0c\u6d79\u6d3d(\ud611\ud761)\u65bc\u4e2d\uff0c\u5247\u8aaa\u4e5f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u5f1f\u5b50\u5165\u5247\u5b5d\uff0c\u51fa\u5247\u5f1f\uff0c\u8b39\u800c\u4fe1\uff0c\u6c4e\u611b\u773e\uff0c\u800c\u89aa\u4ec1\u3002\u884c\u6709\u9918\u529b\uff0c\u5247\u4ee5\u5b78\u6587\u3002\u300d (\u5b78\u800c, 1.6)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u8aa6\u8a69\u4e09\u767e\uff0c\u6388\u4e4b\u4ee5\u653f\uff0c\u4e0d\u9054\uff1b\u4f7f\u65bc\u56db\u65b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c08\u5c0d\uff1b\u96d6\u591a\uff0c\u4ea6\u595a\u4ee5\u70ba\uff1f\u300d(\u5b50\u8def, 13.5)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u8ce2\u8ce2 \u6613\u8272\uff0c\u4e8b\u7236\u6bcd\u80fd\u7aed\u5176\u529b\uff0c\u4e8b\u541b\u80fd\u81f4\u5176\u8eab\uff0c\u8207\u670b\u53cb\u4ea4\u8a00\u800c\u6709\u4fe1\u3002\u96d6\u66f0\u672a\u5b78\uff0c\u543e\u5fc5\u8b02\u4e4b\u5b78\u77e3\u3002\u300d (\u5b78\u800c, 1.7)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u8def\u4f7f\u5b50\u7f94(\uc790\uace0)\u70ba\u8cbb\u5bb0\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u8cca\u592b\u4eba\u4e4b\u5b50\u3002\u300d\u5b50\u8def\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u6709\u6c11\u4eba\u7109\uff0c\u6709\u793e\u7a37\u7109\u3002\u4f55\u5fc5\u8b80\u66f8\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u70ba\u5b78\uff1f\u300d\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u662f\u6545\u60e1\u592b\u4f5e\u8005\u3002\u300d (\u5148\u9032, 11.25)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u67f4(=\uc790\uace0)\u4e5f\u611a\uff0c\u53c3(=\uc99d\uc790)\u4e5f\u9b6f\uff0c\u5e2b(=\uc790\uc7a5)\u4e5f\u8f9f\uff0c\u7531(=\uc790\ub85c)\u4e5f\u55ad(\uc548; rough and tough) \u3002(\u5148\u9032, 11.18)<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u84cb\u6709\u4e0d\u77e5\u800c\u4f5c\u4e4b\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u7121\u662f\u4e5f\u3002\u591a\u805e\u64c7\u5176\u5584\u8005\u800c\u5f9e\u4e4b\uff0c\u591a\u898b\u800c\u8b58\u4e4b\uff0c\u77e5\u4e4b\u6b21\u4e5f\u3002\u300d (\u8ff0\u800c, 7.28)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u5f35\u5b78\u5e72\u797f\u3002\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u591a\u805e\u95d5\u7591\uff0c\u614e\u8a00\u5176\u9918\uff0c\u5247\u5be1\u5c24\uff1b\u591a\u898b\u95d5\u6b86\uff0c\u614e\u884c\u5176\u9918\uff0c\u5247\u5be1\u6094\u3002\u8a00\u5be1\u5c24\uff0c\u884c\u5be1\u6094\uff0c\u797f\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u77e3\u3002\u300d (\u70ba\u653f, 2.18)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u5b78\u800c\u4e0d\u601d\u5247\u7f54\uff0c\u601d\u800c\u4e0d\u5b78\u5247\u6b86\u3002\u300d (\u70ba\u653f, 2.15)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u543e\u5617\u7d42\u65e5\u4e0d\u98df\uff0c\u7d42\u591c\u4e0d\u5be2\uff0c\u4ee5\u601d\uff0c\u7121\u76ca\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u5b78\u4e5f\u3002\u300d (\u885b\u9748\u516c, 15.31)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u7531\uff01\u8aa8\u5973\u77e5\u4e4b\u4e4e\uff1f\u77e5\u4e4b\u70ba\u77e5\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u70ba\u4e0d\u77e5\uff0c\u662f\u77e5\u4e5f\u3002\u300d (\u70ba\u653f, 2.17)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u541b\u5b50\u98df\u7121\u6c42\u98fd\uff0c\u5c45\u7121\u6c42\u5b89\uff0c\u654f\u65bc\u4e8b\u800c\u614e\u65bc\u8a00\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u9053\u800c\u6b63\u7109\uff0c\u53ef\u8b02\u597d\u5b78\u4e5f\u5df2\u3002\u300d (\u5b78\u800c, 1.14)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u54c0\u516c\u554f\uff1a\u300c\u5f1f\u5b50\u5b70\u70ba\u597d\u5b78\uff1f\u300d\u5b54\u5b50\u5c0d\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u6709\u984f\u56de\u8005\u597d\u5b78\uff0c\u4e0d\u9077\u6012\uff0c\u4e0d\u8cb3\u904e\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u77ed\u547d\u6b7b\u77e3\uff01\u4eca\u4e5f\u5247\u4ea1\uff0c\u672a\u805e\u597d\u5b78\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\u300d (\u96cd\u4e5f, 6.3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u65e5\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u4ea1\uff0c\u6708\u7121\u5fd8\u5176\u6240\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u8b02\u597d\u5b78\u4e5f\u5df2\u77e3\u3002\u300d (\u5b50\u5f35, 19.5)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u5341\u5ba4\u4e4b\u9091\uff0c\u5fc5\u6709\u5fe0\u4fe1\u5982\u4e18\u8005\u7109\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u4e18\u4e4b\u597d\u5b78\u4e5f\u3002\u300d (\u516c\u51b6\u9577, 5.28)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b50\u4e4b\u6b66\u57ce\uff0c\u805e\u5f26\u6b4c\u4e4b\u8072\u3002\u592b\u5b50\u839e\u723e\u800c\u7b11\uff0c\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u5272\u96de\u7109\u7528\u725b\u5200\uff1f\u300d\u5b50\u6e38\u5c0d\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u6614\u8005\u5043(\uc5b8=\u5b50\u6e38)\u4e5f\u805e\u8af8\u592b\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300e\u541b\u5b50\u5b78\u9053\u5247\u611b\u4eba\uff0c\u5c0f\u4eba\u5b78\u9053\u5247\u6613\u4f7f\u4e5f\u3002\u300f\u300d\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u4e8c\u4e09\u5b50\uff01\u5043\u4e4b\u8a00\u662f\u4e5f\u3002\u524d\u8a00\u6232\u4e4b\u8033\u3002\u300d (\u967d\u8ca8, 17.4)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u8ca7\u800c\u7121\u8ac2\uff0c\u5bcc\u800c\u7121\u9a55\uff0c\u4f55\u5982\uff1f\u300d\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u53ef\u4e5f\u3002\u672a\u82e5\u8ca7\u800c\u6a02\uff0c\u5bcc\u800c\u597d\u79ae\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\u300d\u5b50\u8ca2\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u300a\u8a69\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u300e\u5982\u5207\u5982\u78cb\uff0c\u5982\u7422\u5982\u78e8\u3002\u300f\u5176\u65af\u4e4b\u8b02\u8207\uff1f\u300d\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u8cdc\u4e5f\uff0c\u59cb\u53ef\u8207\u8a00\u8a69\u5df2\u77e3\uff01\u544a\u8af8\u5f80\u800c\u77e5\u4f86\u8005\u3002\u300d (\u5b78\u800c, 1.15)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b54\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u751f\u800c\u77e5\u4e4b\u8005\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e5f\uff1b\u5b78\u800c\u77e5\u4e4b\u8005\uff0c\u6b21\u4e5f\uff1b\u56f0\u800c\u5b78\u4e4b\uff0c\u53c8\u5176\u6b21\u4e5f\uff1b\u56f0\u800c\u4e0d\u5b78\uff0c\u6c11\u65af\u70ba\u4e0b\u77e3\u3002\u300d (\u5b63\u6c0f, 16.9)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\uc0b0\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uae4c\ud22c\ub9ac\ub85c\uad6c\ub098. \uc81c\ucca0\uc774\uc9c0! \uc81c\ucca0\uc774\uc9c0! (\u300c\u5c71\u6881\u96cc\u96c9\uff0c\u6642\u54c9\u6642\u54c9\u300d) (10.18)
\n\uadf8\ubd84\uc740 \ub9d0\uc500\ud558\uc2e4 \ub54c\uac00 \ub41c \uc5f0\ud6c4\uc5d0 \ub9d0\uc500\ud558\uc2dc\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uadf8\ubd84 \ub9d0\uc500\uc744 \uc2eb\uc5b4\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \u2026 (\u592b\u5b50\u6642\u7136\u5f8c\u8a00\uff0c\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ad\u5176\u8a00) (14.13) (\ub54c\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc\ub370 \ud568\ubd80\ub85c \ub07c\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub9d0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b)
\n\ud558(\u590f)\ub098\ub77c\uc758 \ub2ec\ub825(\uc808\uae30, \u7bc0\u671f)\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uace0 (\u884c\u590f\u4e4b\u6642) (15.11)
\n\ub098\uc774\uac00 \uc5b4\ub9b4 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \ubab8\uacfc \ub9c8\uc74c\uc758 \uae30\uc6b4\uc774 \ubd88\uc548\uc815\ud558\ub2c8 \uc695\uc815\uc744 \uc870\uc2ec\ud558\uace0 (\u5c11\u4e4b\u6642\uff0c\u8840\u6c23\u672a\u5b9a\uff0c\u6212\u4e4b\u5728\u8272) (16.7)
\n\uacf5\uc790\ub294 \uadf8 \uc0ac\ub78c(\uc591\ud654, \u967d\u8ca8)\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ub54c\ub97c \uace8\ub77c, \uadf8\uc5d0\uac8c \ub2f5\ub840 \ubc29\ubb38\uc744 \ud588\ub2e4. (\u5b54\u5b50\u6642\u5176\u4ea1\u4e5f\uff0c\u800c\u5f80\u62dc\u4e4b) (17.1)
\n\uc0ac\uacc4\uc808\uc774 \ub54c\ub9de\ucdb0 \uc624\uace0, \uc628\uac16 \uc0dd\ubb3c\uc774 \ud0dc\uc5b4\ub098\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5b4\ub514 \ud558\ub298\uc774 \ub9d0\uc744 \ud558\ub354\ub0d0? (\u56db\u6642\u884c\u7109\uff0c\u767e\u7269\u751f\u7109\uff0c\u5929\u4f55\u8a00\u54c9) (17.19)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u66fe\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u543e\u65e5\u4e09\u7701\u543e\u8eab\uff1a\u70ba\u4eba\u8b00\u800c\u4e0d\u5fe0\u4e4e\uff1f\u8207\u670b\u53cb\u4ea4\u800c\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4e4e\uff1f\u50b3\u4e0d\u7fd2\u4e4e\uff1f\u300d (1.4)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u6027\u76f8\u8fd1\u4e5f\uff0c\u7fd2\u76f8\u9060\u4e5f\u3002\u300d (\u967d\u8ca8, 17.2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u4ed5\u800c\u512a\u5247\u5b78\uff0c\u5b78\u800c\u512a\u5247\u4ed5\u3002\u300d (\u5b50\u5f35, 19.13)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u5b50\u590f\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u535a\u5b78\u800c\u7be4\u5fd7\uff0c\u5207\u554f\u800c\u8fd1\u601d\uff0c\u4ec1\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u77e3\u3002\u300d (\u5b50\u5f35, 19.6)<\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"image_print\"](\"https:\/\/lawlec.korea.ac.kr\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-print\/images\/print.png\" "\\"Print")
<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"